Flying-machine.



G. E. BAKER.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 9, 1912.

Patented 0ct. 28, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor Mi 6 at.

*B E. Z 1 an Witnesses:

Attorney G. B. BAKER. FLYING- MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED D110. 9, 1912.

mm; 3 ww Lb .t mwA m E w 5 h d a Witne F To all whom it may concern.-

UNITED STAES IQE.

CHARLES E. BAKER, 01E HAMILTON, OHIO.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 0015.28, 1913.

Application filed December 9, 1912. Serial No. 735,595.

lowing is a specification.

The present invention does not purport to make improvements in flying machines proper, but rather toprovide them with a safety device of parachute character whereby, in case the flying machine starts tofall, the aviator may separate himself from the flying machine and descend in safety.

My present invention is applicable to most any type of flying machine, but I have seen fit to illustrate it in connection with a figure illustrating the apparatus as in normal flying position: Fig.2 a side elevation of the apparatus in that condition in which the aviator puts the safety device in case he foresees that the flying machine is going to fall: Fig. 3 a plan of the-machine in the neighborhood of the aviatorsrseat when the safety apparatus has taken the position indicated in Fig. 2: Fig. 4 a plan at the base of the parachute-boom, when it is in the position indicated in Fig. 2:. Fig. 5 a vertical transverse section of the machine at the aviators seat when the safety apparatus has taken the position indicated in Fig. 2: v Fig. 6 a side elevation of the arachute-boom and its actuating spring: Fig. 7 a side elevation illustrating the detachable connection between the crown of the parachute and the tip of the parachute-boom: and Fig. 8 a perspective view of the aviators harness to be connected with the parachute.

In the drawings :1, indicates the body of a flying machine, illustrated as a monoplane: 2, the portion thereof in which the aviator is located; 3, a portion of the flying machine to. the rear of the aviators posi-' tion; 4., a boom pivoted at the rear of the stantially horizontal position, as indicatedin-Fig. 1; 5, a pivot uniting the heel of the boom with a rear portion of the flying ma:-

machine and normally lying down in sub chine; 6, upwardly open'crotches supported by the forward part of the machine and adapted to support and position the forward end of the boom when the boom is in normal idle' position; 7, a latch engaging over the forward end of the boom when the boom is in normal idle position; 8, a spring having one end hitched to a forward portion of the flying machine and having its other end hitched to the heel of the boom in such manner that, if the spring be permitted to act, the boom will be elevated to such position as is indicated in Figs. 2 and 6; 9, a spring-latch carried by the rear portion of the machine and adapted, when the boom swings rearwardly to retain it in its rearward position; 10, the aviators seat; 11, a handle within reach of the aviator by means of which he may release latch 7; 12, the aviator in his normal position during the regular flight of the machine; 13, a parachute normally folded idly in the ma chine, to the rear of the aviator, Fig. 1 illustrating the parachute in idle stored condition, while Fig. 2"illustrates it in the condition in which it is put by the rising of the boom; 14, a fork at the free end of the boom; 15, a loop carried by the crown of the parachute and engaging the fork of the 1 boom; 16, suspenders extending from the skirt of the parachute; 17, a ring to which the lower ends of these suspenders are secured; 18, a connection extending downward from the ring, this connection being formed in the illustration, by focusing and cabling those portions of the suspenders below the ring; 19, an eye near the base of the parachute-connection 18; 20, a latch carried by the machine and normally engaging eye 19, I

this latch being illustrated as having the form of a sliding bolt engaging the eye; 21, a handle, within reach of the aviator, by

, means of which the aviator may release bolt 20 from the eye of the parachute-connection; 22, harness which the aviator may apply to his person to serve in connecting him with the parachute, this harness being subject to considerable variation construction and being illustrated as embodying shoulderstraps and body-band and thigh-straps; 23, an eye at the forward extremity of parachute-connection 18; 24, a Suspender having one end attached to the aviators harness, and 25, a detachable connection illustrated as a snap-hook secured at the free end of suspender 24 and adapted to be engaged with eye 23 of the parachuteconnection.

In normal condition the boom lies down and is held down by latch 7, while the parachute and its suspenders are folded up in the body of the machine and the eye 19 of the parachute-connection is held by latch 20. The aviator secures the harness to his body and takes position in his seat and engages hook 25 with eye 23 of the parachute-connection. Under ordinary conditions of flight and landing all of these things remain as just indicated. But if seriously dangerous conditions arise under which the aviator fears that the machine is beyond control and will probably fall, he actuates handle 11 and releases latch 7 whereupon the boom, impelled by its spring 8 takes the position indicated in Fig. 2. the mouth of the parachute being thus placed in advance in the line of flight and ring 17 so separating the bases of suspenders 16 as to favorably influence the opening of the parachute as the machine moves forward, whether that movement be horizontal or vertical or angularly downward. Thus far, while the parachute may have partially or completely opened its connection 18 is still anchored at latch 20 and the effect of the parachute will be. to such extent as it may have opened, to retard the movement of the machine. it may be possible that the danger of falling would pass, and the landing'ofthe machine be made in safety. If conditions of safetv are reached while the machine is in the air the aviator may be able to disconnect hook 25 from the parachute and release latch 90 and permit the parachute to blow away, a thing which he would not be likely to do unless he considered that the partially or fully open para chute formed an element of danger to the safe landing or to the continued safe flight of the machine. lint, if the danger pre viously referred to, becomes imminent, the aviator will release latch 20 and permit the flying machine to fall out from under him, the fork-tip of the boom automatically disconnecting itself from the crown-eye 15 of the parachute and leaving the aviator to be suspended entirely by the parachute and to make his landing with such safety as may be incidental to parachute landings.

it is, of course, to be understood eanna various details of construction set forth constitute simply a single exemplificationof my invention. 1 have sought to illustrate the principle of my invention and the best mode in which I at present contemplate carrying out that principle.

I claim 1. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, a latch normally securing the free end of'this-connection, and

means by which the aviator may release said latches, combined substantially as set forth.

2. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idleposition upon the machine, a fork at the free end of the boom, a loop at the crown of the parachute and adapted to detachably engage the fork, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, a latch normally securing the free end of this connection, and means by which the aviator may release said latches, combined substantially as set forth.

3. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a selfdetaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a helical spring secured to an extension of the heel of the boom and to a portion of the frame of the flying machine and serving to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, a latch normally securing the free end of this connection, and means 7 by which the aviator may release said latches,

combined substantially as set forth.

4. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, connect from the skirt oft-he parachute, a latch normally securing theffree end this connection,

means by which the aviator may release said latches, and a sprin -latch adapted to auto- "matically engage the erected boom and rebody of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body a rest for the forward end of the boom when in normal idle position, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position,

' a spring to elevate the boom when 1ts latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, a latchnormally securing the free end, of this connection, and means by which the aviator may release said latches, combined substantially as set forth.

6. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine andadapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, suspenders included in the connection from the skirt of the parachute, a ring separating these suspenders, alatch normally securing the free end of this connection, and means by which the aviator may release said latches, combined substantially as set forth.

7. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of. the parachute and the free end (if the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, a latch normally securing the free end. of this connection,

means by which .the aviator may release said latches, harness adapted to be secured to the body of the aviator, and a detachable connection extending from this harness to the connection from the skirt of the parachute, combined substantially as set forth.

8. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine,

' a seltdetaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold. the boom down in idle position, aspring to elevate the boom when its latch is released, a connection from the skirt of the parachute, an eye carried by the free end of this connection, a latchingbolt engaging this eye, and means by which the aviator may release said latch and bolt,

combined substantially as set forth.

9. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom, down in,

idle position, a spring to elevatethe boom' when its latch isreleased, 'a connection from the skirt of the parachute, an eye at the free end of said connection, a latching-bolt engaging said eye, an additional eye at the free end of said connection, harness adapted to be secured to the body of the aviator, a connection extending from said harness and adapted to be secured to said additional eye,

and means by which the aviator may release said latch and bolt, combined substantially as set forth.

i 10. A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted to the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, aparachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a self-detaching connection between the crown of the parachute and the free end of the boom, a latch to hold the boom down in idle position, a spring to elevate rearwardly the boom when the latch is released, suspenders from the skirt of the parachute, a ring at the bases of the suspenders and serving' in holdingsaid suspenders separated, a connection extending forwardly from said ring, a latch normally securing the forward end of this connection, means by which the aviator may release said latches, harness adapted to be secured to the body of the aviator,and a detachable connection between said harness and the first-mentioned connection, combined substantially as set forth.

11. -A flying machine comprising, a boom having its heel pivoted near the rear of the body of the machine and adapted to fold down upon the body, a parachute adapted to be folded to idle position upon the machine, a

emme down upon the hody,-e parachute having its the forward end of said connection, and crown self-detachably secured to the upper means by "which the aviator may release the 10 end of the boom and having its skirt Ere latch, combined substantially as set forth. sentin forwardly so as to catch the Win as i t the m t chine advances, suspenders extending C S BAKER forwardly from the skirt of the parachute, Witnesses:

a ring to hold said suspenders separated, a H. M. 'MILDERS, connection from the ring, a latch securing, GEO. JoHNsoN. 

